Stahl's Illustrated Anxiety, Stress, and PTSD by Stephen M. Stahl & Meghan M. Grady

Author:Stephen M. Stahl & Meghan M. Grady
Language: eng
Format: mobi
ISBN: 9780521153997
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2010-05-06T21:00:00+00:00

Asenapine

FIGURE 5.27. Asenapine has widespread actions on the serotonergic, dopaminergic, and noradrenergic systems and also blocks histamine 1 receptors. The relevance of its actions at many receptors is not yet known, but serotonin 2C and alpha 2 antagonist properties may contribute to antidepressant actions, while histamine 1 antagonism may be largely responsible for its sedative effects.

Anticonvulsants

FIGURE 5.28. Many anticonvulsants are used in the treatment of mental illnesses, most frequently in bipolar disorder. They are not well studied in PTSD, though there are small preliminary studies with lamotrigine and topiramate. The mechanisms of action of anticonvulsants are unique and not well understood, but many seem to have effects on the GABA-ergic and glutamatergic systems. Lamotrigine may work by blocking the alpha subunit of voltage-sensitive sodium channels; it may also reduce glutamate release and have actions at other ion channels for calcium and potassium. Topiramate may interfere with voltage-sensitive sodium and/or calcium channels in order to enhance GABA and reduce glutamate actions, and is also a weak inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.

Lamotrigine and Topiramate

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